One-hit wonders and folks who put out only one great album are a dime a dozen. Tougher to list are outstanding bands who made only outstanding music, but for whom things too quickly fell apart.
Sure, these discussions tend to bring up Clapton's short-lived band Cream, and more recently, Jeff Buckley. I can buy both, but I was never a huge fan of either, so there we are.
It would be difficult to consider the Sex Pistols as being a great band. A musical mess, but they had the right look, attitude, and sound at the right time. They wound up being influential, and, with help, they managed to record a half-dozen absolutely classic songs. For that, hail the Pistols. But thank Christ they didn't last.
A much, much better punk band whose reign was about as short as the Pistols — but whose music was tenfold better — was Minor Threat. Their first EP clocks in at all of 15 minutes, but remains one of my all-time favorites. And that seminal, stark album cover ranks up with the Paul Simonon bass-wrecking shot on The Clash's London Calling.
More importantly, Minor Threat's influence was widespread and significant, musically (where many aped their speed, sound, and delivery), culturally (where, for equal numbers of bands, they crystallized the indie-punk politics and aesthetic, and unwittingly began a Straight Edge movement), and industry-wise (where their indie label became the business model for many to follow, signing solid bands and never forgetting their mission).
They were preceded by a few years by Joy Division, who had only enough time to crank out a single excellent album and record another before lead Ian Curtis killed himself. The remaining members continued to play together as New Order, but it was not the same writing, the same sound, the same band. Which is a shame, to say the least. Some of their stuff sounds dated to me now, but it would have been fun to see where the sonic road led them, and they arguably would have grown with, if not ahead of, the times.
On the other hand, Operation Ivy played excellent ska-punk for only a couple of years in the late '80s, putting out ~30 tunes that I still find infectious before calling it quits, but their sound captured a niche of the zeitgeist before it all changed. And I think the two who splintered off from Op Ivy made the right decision to follow the harder sound with Rancid.
No list of this sort would be complete without the requisite cases of tragic death.
Clifford Brown was a Jazz trumpeter extraordinaire, who died in '56
at age 25 (And not even from junk! He was a sober guy in the wrong car
on the wrong night.) In particular, the work he did with Max Roach is
nothing short of excellent. Clean, technically brilliant tone, but not
overly so, still soulful. He recorded for only a few years, but his
legacy has legs to this day, and his horn still sounds great.
I'm more a fan of Buddy Holly than Richie Valens, both of whom had short and epic careers before dying in the same plane crash (which also killed one-hit wonder The Big Bopper). Both showed huge promise and were hugely influential, synthesizing styles that came before them and luring in crossover audiences as they created new sounds.
Who knows what Richie Valens would have done with another year or two, but Buddy Holly certainly recorded enough high quality and successful tunes to justify greatest hits compilations.
Janis Joplin and Otis Redding both had soul to spare and one-of-a-kind voices.
Janis is a tough case, as she arguably could not have kept up her pace nor her voice for much longer. So, while she was taken from us much too young, as they tend to say, and though she had put together short bits of sobriety during her career, she was clearly on her way to becoming a sad lady who would shortly sound like a sequel of herself. But she dies before she got old, and so we're left with a catalog of pretty powerhouse stuff. Her "Down on Me" brings chills to my spine.
I can take or leave Otis's posthumous and bittersweet "Dock of the Bay," but his more rollicking tunes like "Shake" or Stax recordings like "Mr. Pitiful" are just total powerhouses. Back in the '80s, I had a cassette (literally, the first tape I ever wore out from overuse) with Jimi Hendrix's set from the Monterey Pop Festival on the A-side and Otis's set on the B-side. I was weened on Hendrix, he was on top of his game (this was the show where he sacrificed his guitar via fire during "Wild Thing"), and played a hell of a set. But Otis simply killed. He was breathless, energetic, and brilliant, and side B ("Shake," "Respect," "I’ve Been Loving You Too Long," "Satisfaction," "Try a Little Tenderness") of that cassette became scratchy and unlistenable before side A. I have missed it ever since.
Otis, Janis, Buddy, Clifford, Minor Threat — you are my top five. Thanks for the excellence. Godspeed.
I Don't Wanna Hear It — Minor Threat
Cherokee — Clifford Brown
Try a Little Tenderness — Otis Redding